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#1 The story of artificial intelligence begins with the ideas of computer pioneer Alan Turing. In 1950, he published a paper titled Computing Machinery and Intelligence, which argued that any computer that could hold a conversation with a human would be doing something that requires thinking.
#2 Turing had made his reputation as a mathematician long before he began writing about artificial intelligence. In 1936, he published a paper on the precise meaning of computer, which at the time referred to a person working through a sequence of steps to get a definite result.
#3 The idea that the mind’s intuition, its ability to grasp truth and meaning, is reducible to a machine was raised by Gödel in 1931. He proved that there must exist some statements in any formal system that are True, with capital-T standing, yet not provable in the system itself using any of its rules.
#4 The formalist movement in mathematics was a sign of a broader turn by intellectuals toward scientific materialism. They believed that all of mathematics could be converted into rule-based operations, and that the world was turning to the idea of precision machines.
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Дата на публикуване
Е-книга: 3 юни 2022 г.
Български
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