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David Maidment

This book is a comprehensive history of all twenty-six classes of four coupled tank engines commissioned by the Great Western Railway or built at their Wolverhampton and Swindon Works, from the Broad Gauge 2-4-0 and 4-4-0 tanks of the 1840s and 1850s to the well known Collett 0-4-2 branch line engines of classes 48XX (later renumbered 14XX) and 58XX of the 1930s. As well as the Broad Gauge engines, the strange looking ‘Covertibles’ of William Dean, a number of experimental ‘one-off’ designs, the numerous Wolverhampton 0-4-2Ts of the ‘517’ class and the Swindon built ‘2-4-0 ‘Metro Tanks’ are described with – where known – their allocation and operation. The book includes twenty weight diagrams and nearly 300 photographs, over 50 in color. The four-coupled tank engines absorbed by the Great Western from other companies at or before 1923 will be featured in a separate volume to follow.

Pen & Sword Transport

Locomotive Portfolios

Four-Coupled Tank Locomotive Classes Built by the Great Western Railway

Ronald Hillier

Tim Hillier-Graves

Gresley’s A4 Pacifics are arguably the most famous locomotives ever built, a status cemented by Mallard’s record breaking run on the 3rd July ‘38. And yet only a year later the glamorous ‘streaks’ seemed likely to be cast into obscurity by the coming of another world war. So, for only four exhilarating years they were allowed to flourish as their creator had intended and in that time captured the imagination of railwaymen and public alike. With the help of previously unpublished material the author analyses the complex evolution of the A4s - a project that began in 1911 when Gresley was appointed as Locomotive Superintendent of the Great Northern Railway. It is a story with many strands to consider – war, peace and war again, engineering and art, politics and business, recession and social change, the growth of the media and consumerism, the struggle for professional reputations and a growing, deeply damaging international rivalry. All these elements are captured in the story of the A4s in the heady days before conflict ended their brief golden age and Gresley’s life came to an end.

Gresley's Silver Link: The Evolution of the A4 Pacifics 1911–1941

Bob Meanley

The Great Western Castles were one of the most successful locomotive designs of the twentieth century in terms of both performance and efficiency. Designed by Charles Collett in 1923, based on the 1907 Churchward ‘Star’ class, 155 were constructed almost continuously, apart from the war years, between 1923 and 1950, in addition to fifteen rebuilt ‘Stars’ and one rebuilt from the Great Bear pacific. Many were modernised with increased superheat and double-chimneys in the late 1950s and the class continued to be the mainstay of all Western Region express passenger services to the West Country, South Wales, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and the West Midlands until replaced by the WR diesel hydraulic fleet in the early 1960s. This book covers their design in a chapter written by Bob Meanley, who masterminded the restoration at Tyseley Works of the Castles Earl of Mount Edgcumbe and Clun Castle, and their history, operation and performance from the high speed of the 1930s through to their rejuvenation in the 1950s, leaving experience of their last years and preservation to another volume. David Maidment had close experience of the class when working at Old Oak Common between 1957 and 1962 and includes his personal experiences there and on the road from his first encounter with one as a six-year old boy. The book includes 350 photographs, some 40 in color, and 23 detailed Swindon technical drawings.

Great Western Castle Class 4-6-0 Locomotives, 1923–1959

Although closed to traffic in 1966, with most of its infrastructure swiftly destroyed by British Railways, this unique railway line still lives in the minds of many, some too young to remember it in its heyday. For more then a hundred years it courted disaster and could on a number of occasions have succumbed to overpowering financial pressures, but it survived with the help of partnerships with larger, more secure companies, namely the Midland Railway and the London & South Western Railway. Later on, after the grouping in 1923, the line came under the control of the L M S and the Southern Railway. It was unfortunate that the line suffered in later years, from inter regional rivalry between the Western and Southern Regions of British Railways, which led to its eventual closure. The variety of companies involved in its running meant that during its lifetime the small pool of locomotives needed to service the line was supplemented by the best each partner could offer. So from the beginning to the end there were a myriad number of types of locomotive running over the Mendips providing a lively variety of motive power. This heavily illustrated book traces this unique and fascinating history and brings to life this singular, much missed and loved railway.

Locomotives of the Somerset & Dorset Joint Railway: A Definitive Survey, 1854–1966

Graeme Gleaves

The north east of England was the cradle of Britain's railways in the 19th Century. It was here George and Robert Stephenson would shape the steam locomotive. Then in the early 20th Century a second transport revolution took place around Newcastle when the suburban lines from the city to the coast were electrified in response to competition from the electric trams. What was created became the blueprint for modern day commuting. This book tells the story behind the creation of that network, the trains that served it. The narrative goes through the success and expansion years and ultimately the troubles that led to its demise. Our story comes full circle with the creation of the Tyne & Wear Metro, a ground breaking transport system that, like the electrified lines nearly 80 years earlier, set a new standard for suburban rail that would be the inspiration for schemes in many other parts of the country.

North Eastern Electric Stock, 1904–2020: Its Design and Development

Anthony P. Sayer

This informative, illustrated guide to the British Railways locomotive series covers its full production lifespan, from 1962–1965.

 In the early 1960s, the Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotive known as The Clayton was conceived as the new standard for British Railways, superseding other Type 1 classes. While the early classes suffered from poor driver visibility, the Claytons were highly successful and popular with operating crews. However, the largely untested high-speed, flat Paxman engines proved to be highly problematic. As a result, the Claytons were eventually withdrawn from BR service by December 1971.

 Anthony Sayer draws on considerable amounts of archive material to tell the full story of these ‘Standard Type 1’ locomotives and the issues surrounding their rise and fall. Further sources provide insights into the effort and money expended on the Claytons in a desperate attempt to improve their reliability. Supported by over 280 photographs and diagrams, dramatic new insights into this troubled class have been assembled for both historians and modelers alike.

The Clayton Type 1: Bo-Bo Diesel-Electric Locomotives—British Railways Class 17: Development, Design and Demise

L N E R 4-6-0 Tender Mixed Traffic Locomotives covers the design, construction, operation and performance of all 4-6-0 locomotives that ran on the London & North Eastern Railway between 1923 and 1947 and the LNER designed engines that ran on BR’s Eastern Region until the end of BR steam in 1968. This includes the former Great Central 4-6-0s of classes B1 – B9 (the B1 and B2 later reclassified B18 & B19); the North Eastern Railway B13 – B16s; the Great Eastern B12s; and the LNER B17s, the Thompson B1s and rebuilds (B2 and B3/3). The book has over 60,000 words and 350 black & white and color photographs, many previously unpublished from the archives of the Manchester Locomotive Society at Stockport. It will be of particular interest to railway modelers and enthusiasts of locomotive running and performance as well as those seeking more general locomotive history. The book is designed and written in the same style as David Maidment’s previous Locomotive Portfolio books on engines of the Great Western and Southern Railways, and includes where possible his own experiences, seeing and traveling behind engines of these classes in the 1950s and early 1960s, especially the B1s, B12s and B17 ‘Sandringhams’.

L N E R 4-6-0 Locomotives: Their Design, Operation & Performance

A detailed look at the nineteenth-century steam locomotive engineer and the ups and downs of his career, with numerous photos throughout.

Born in Scotland in 1840, Dugald Drummond had a long career in locomotive and railway engineering, including prominent positions on the Highland; London Brighton & South Coast Railway, North British, and Caledonian Railways, before arriving on the London & South Western Railway in the mid-1890s. There he replaced his mild-mannered and better-liked predecessor, William Adams.

His locomotives were a mix: His 4-4-0 tender and 0-4-4 tank classes were very good, but his 4-6-0 tender locomotives proved a disappointment, with the exception of the T14 class, which lasted in service until 1951. Many of his 4-4-0 tender and 0-4-4 tank locomotives, the T9 and M7 classes, lasted until the early 1960s on British Railways. 

As a result of his stubborn nature, Drummond died in 1912 after an accident that scalded his feet, having refused to get proper treatment. But much of his work lived on for decades, and examples are preserved today in the National Collection and on the Swanage Railway.

L & S W R Drummond Passenger & Mixed Traffic Locomotive Classes: A Survey & Overview

A pictorial history of the sixteen-member British steam locomotive class all named after famous admirals.

The Lord Nelson Class has come to be viewed as an “also ran” amongst express locomotives and is largely overlooked for that reason. It had the misfortune to be sandwiched on Southern metals between the classic and much revered King Arthurs and Schools and by Bullied’s controversial Pacifics. In such company any design might suffer by comparison. And yet when first appearing they attracted plaudits from railway professionals, including the footplate crew, and the public alike. But with only 16 being built their impact was muted and any faults in their design were magnified beyond their actual impact. In truth they deserved far better than this and were, in fact sturdy, reliable performers that served the company well on the heavy boat trains for which they were designed and across their other passenger services for 30 years and more in peace and war.

Much has been written about these locomotives, but no story is ever complete, with new information and photographs emerging to deepen our understanding of them. This book provides an in-depth view that re-examines these impressive engines using, new material, eyewitness accounts, contemporary assessments and more than 200 photographs and drawings.

Southern Railway, Lord Nelson Class 4-6-0s: Their Design & Development

An in-depth look at the British railway company’s celebrated class of steam locomotives, with more than three hundred photos.

Built by Collett in 1927 after pressure to restore the Great Western Railway’s pre-eminence in motive power and cope with increasing postwar traffic to Devon and Cornwall holiday resorts, the thirty Kings were the final development of the Churchward Stars and the 1923 Castles and remained on top-link main line duty until their final replacement by the ‘Western’ class 52 diesel hydraulics in 1962. 

This book includes an insight into the thinking of some of Collett’s senior staff at the end of the 1930s and the eventual transformation in the latter years with redraughting and double chimneys. As well as describing their design and construction, the book comprehensively covers their operation and performance, backed up by many recorded logs on all main GW/WR routes over which they were permitted. The author had close experience of the class when working at Old Oak Common between 1957 and 1962, and includes a chapter of his experiences with them, including many footplate trips (as a management trainee, he was greeted with glee by firemen who would hand him the shovel). The book also includes over 300 photographs, one hundred of them in color.

Great Western, King Class 4-6-0s: From Construction to Withdrawal

Descriptions and hundreds of photos of these tank engines that played a major role in Welsh coal mining and passenger rail.

After tackling the Great Western Railway’s pannier tanks in a previous Locomotive Portfolios volume, David Maidment seeks out descriptions and photographs of the GW 0-6-2 tank engines, the majority of which were built by the Rhymney, Taff Vale, Barry, and other Welsh railways from the last decade or so of the nineteenth century onward. The engines of eight different companies, absorbed by the GWR in 1922, are described and illustrated, as well as the way in which many were modernized and rebuilt at Swindon or Caerphilly Works in the 1920s. 

GWR Chief Mechanical Engineer Charles Collett was, however, faced with a motive power crisis in the mining valleys at the Grouping, as many of the companies had economized on essential maintenance as the GW’s takeover drew near, and he had to hurriedly design a standard 0-6-2T to complement and bolster their work as the powerful GW 2-8-0Ts were too heavy and wide for many of the Cardiff valleys. These engines, the 56XX & 66XX classes, became part of the South Wales scene between 1925 and 1964, mainly running the coal traffic between pits and docks, although they dominated Cardiff Valley passenger services until the influx of BR 3MT 2-6-2Ts and GW 41XX 2-6-2Ts in 1954 and 1955. With around 300 black & white photographs, this book takes a wide-ranging look at these locomotives.

Great Western, 0-6-2 Tank Classes: Absorbed & Swindon Designed Classes

A thorough history of the Metropolitan-Vickers locomotive, also known as “Class 28,” featuring 160 color and black & white photos.

This book provides an in-depth history of the Metropolitan-Vickers diesel-electric Type 2 locomotives, more frequently known collectively as the “Co-Bo’s” due to their unusual wheel arrangement. Twenty locomotives were constructed during the late-1950s for use on the London Midland Region of British Railways. The fleet was fraught with difficulties from the start, most notably due to problems with their Crossley engines, this necessitating the need for extensive rehabilitation work during the early-1960s. Matters barely improved and the option to completely re-engine the locomotives with English Electric units was debated at length, but a downturn in traffic levels ultimately resulted in their demise by the end of 1968 prior to any further major rebuilding work being carried out. Significant quantities of new archive and personal sighting information, supported by over 180 photographs and diagrams, have been brought together to allow dramatic new insights into this enigmatic class of locomotives, including the whole debate surrounding potential re-engining, their works histories, the extended periods in storage, together with in-depth reviews of the various detail differences and liveries.

The Metropolitan-Vickers: Type 2 Co-Bo Diesel-Electric Locomotives: From Design to Destruction

This volume covers all the large wheeled outside frame classes of 4-4-0 tender Locomotives, that once ran on the Great Western Railway.The book has full details on each of the classes with good quality pictures, diagrams names, and number lists.This work is also very useful to model makers, giving full details of mechanical and livery changes that took place from the 1900s through to the early 1930, when all except the preserved 3440, City of Truro, were withdrawn and scrapped.

Great Western: Large Wheeled Outside Framed 4-4-0 Tender Locomotives: Atbara, Badminton, City and Flower Classes

This comprehensive and fully illustrated history presents an in-depth look at the Great Western Railway’s various pannier tank engines.
 
 Though hauling freight was a vital part of Great Western Railway’s history—and where it made the majority of its profit—there are few books devoted to the stout, powerful engines that did the work. In Great Western, Pannier Tank Classes, British Railways expert David Maidment corrects that oversight. This volume explores the large number of 0-6-0 saddle tanks built for both the Great Western Railway and the independent railway companies in South Wales, most of which were converted to pannier tanks in the Churchward and Collett eras.
 
 While covering the Armstrong and Dean engines in detail, Maidment goes on to describe the design, construction and operation of the largest class of steam engines built in the UK in the last century: Charles Collett’s GWR 5700 class, examples of which were still being built after nationalization. Collett also designed pannier tank engines for branch passenger and freight work, and his successor Frederick Hawksworth continued the GW tradition with a tapered boiler version. All of these are discussed in depth in terms of their design and service. A concluding chapter covers further designs that were never built.

Great Western Pannier Tank Classes: An Overview of Their Design & Development

A railway historian chronicles the pioneering career of Richard Maunsell with a thorough account of the locomotive classes he built for the SE&CR.

As the Chief Mechanical Engineer of the South Eastern & Chatham Railway from 1913 to 1923, Richard Maunsell brought successful innovations to a number of steam locomotive classes. Notably, the D and E 4-4-0s were rebuilt as D1 and E1 locomotives with higher pressure boilers and long-travel valve events. Maunsell also made significant modifications to the L class—designed by his predecessor, Harry Wainwright—just before their delivery in 1914.

In the 1920s, Maunsell designed the L1 class for the 80-minute express line between London Victoria and Folkestone. He then built his masterpiece: the 3-cylinder V class—also known as the Schools class—for express services on all three constituent parts of the Southern Railway.

In this authoritative history, author and civil engineer David Maidment describes the design, construction, operations and performance of these locomotives. Maidment’s expert text is supported by more than photographs illustrating each class from their construction to their final demise in 1962. This volume also includes an update on the three Schools class locomotives that have been preserved and operate on Britain’s heritage steam railways.

Southern Maunsell 4-4-0 Classes: (L, D1, E1, L1 and V)

This British Railways history recounts the life of a controversial steam engine and its miraculous transformation at the hands of a brilliant engineer.

As Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Southern Railway, Oliver Bulleid designed what were perhaps the most controversial steam locomotives ever built in Britain: the Pacifics. Loved and loathed in equal measure, the debate over their strengths and weaknesses took on a new dimension when British Railways decided to modify them in the 1950s.

When noted engineer Ron Jarvis was charged with improving on Bulleid’s designs, he displayed a master’s touch, saving the best of Bulleid’s work while incorporating other established design principles. What emerged was described by Bert Spencer, Gresley’s talented assistant, as taking ‘a swan and creating a soaring eagle. ’

This book explores all the elements of the lives of these Pacifics and their two designers. It draws on previously unpublished material to describe their gradual evolution, which didn’t start or finish with the 1950s major rebuilding program.

The Modified Bulleid Pacifics

The renowned British railroad historian delivers “a well-illustrated account of the rationale behind Collett’s construction of this 80 strong class” (West Somerset Railway Association).
 
 English railway engineer George Jackson Churchward proposed a 5ft 8in wheeled 4-6-0 for mixed traffic duties in 1901 and it was seriously considered in 1905, but it took until 1936 before his successor, Charles Collett, realized the plan by persuading the GWR Board to replace many of the 43XX moguls with modern standard mixed traffic engines that bore a remarkable likeness to the Churchward proposal. David Maidment has written another in his series of “Locomotive Portfolios” for Pen & Sword to coincide with the construction of a new “Grange” at Llangollen from GW standard parts to fill the gap left by the total withdrawal and scrapping of one of that railway’s most popular classes—to their crews at the very least.
 
 As well as covering the type’s design and construction, the author deals comprehensively with the allocation and operation of the eighty locomotives and in particular has researched their performance and illustrated it with many examples of recorded logs from the 1930s as well as in more recent times. As in previous volumes, the author has added his own personal experiences with the engines and has sourced more than 250 photos, over 40 of which are in color.
 
 “Superbly researched . . . another extraordinary and unreservedly recommended addition to . . . British Railroading History collections.” —Midwest Book Review 
 
 “Granges worked off-region quite widely, so this is not just a book for the copper-capped chimney brigade; enthusiasts for whom these capable machines are favorites will definitely want this volume on the bookshelf.” —Railway Modeller

Great Western, Grange Class Locomotives: Their Design and Development

This comprehensive history of these unique locomotives covers everything from performance issues to sightings, detail differences and liveries.

The Type 2 Bo-Bo Diesel-Electric Classes 21 & 29 locomotives were constructed by the North British Locomotive Company in the early 1960s. Used in the Scottish region of British Railway, they ran into numerous problems and were withdrawn from service within a decade. Due in part to their short careers, these locomotives remain something of a mystery to train enthusiasts. The scant information available on them is very often riddled with misinformation.

This authoritative volume corrects the record, presenting the most comprehensive and accurate account of the NBL Classes 21 & 29. Fully illustrated with photographs and detailed line drawings, this volume offers individual locomotive histories, complete technical specifications, accident and fire damage reports, storage histories, and a complete account of their disposal at both private companies and Glasgow Works.

The North British Type 2 Bo-Bo Diesel-Electric Classes 21 & 29: Design, Development and Demise

Southern Maunsell Moguls and Tank Engines is a volume in the series of Locomotive Profiles being published by Pen & Sword. It describes the conception, design and construction of the two- and three-cylinder 2-6-0s initially the Ns constructed at the end of the First World War, many at government initiative by the Woolwich Arsenal and their three-cylinder variants, the N1s. It also describes in similar fashion the class K River 2-6-4 tank engines, their riding problems and the decision to convert them as class U two-cylinder moguls after the disastrous Sevenoaks derailment in 1927. 

The solitary K1 three-cylinder 2-6-4T was similarly converted as the prototype three-cylinder U1 with new build Us and U1s following in the early 1930s.The moguls, originally built by Richard Maunsell for the South Eastern & Chatham Railway, became the standard mixed traffic locomotives throughout the Southern Railway for virtually the whole of its existence and many remained until near the end of BR Southern Regions steam stock in 1965/6.After the experience with the passenger 2-6-4 tank engines, Maunsell restricted his larger tank engine designs to freight work the class W for heavy cross-London interchange freight traffic and the Z0-8-0T for heavy shunting and banking work. 

Maunsell also redesigned some elderly LB&SCR E1 0-6-0Ts for branch line work in rural Devon and North Cornwall, providing a radial axle as 0-6-2T class E1/R. The book covers the allocation, operation and performance of these classes and includes some personal reminiscences of the author who experienced the moguls at first hand. It also covers the sale of some of the Woolwich moguls to the CIE in Ireland and the conversion of a number to 2-6-4 freight tank engines for the Metropolitan Railway. The book is lavishly illustrated with over 300 black and white and thirty colour photographs.

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