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Entre em um mundo infinito de histórias

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Michael R D James

The Historical Context of the philosophical debate relating to the issue of whether Artificial Intelligence is anything more than a hypothetical metaphor awaiting more exact characterisation dates back to the 1940's and 50's. The central figure who initiated this discussion was, of course Alan Turing, the mathematical genius who worked with English military intelligence on the Enigma Project. The invention of ACE(The automatic computing engine) and its role in solving a problem that had defeated the best minds in England was the initiating event of the claim that machines of this kind were in a sense "intelligent". Intelligence, of course, is a psychological term with a contested psychological definition as was evidenced by the discussions that followed Piaget's theories and the attempts to construct tools to measure this elusive capacity. This work argues that it is to Philosophy we must turn if we are to clarify a problem that was challenging theoreticians of the scientific and psychological community.

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The world explored, the World suffered

Philosophy and AI: Artificial Intelligence  and its Discontents

The Exeter Lectures is the first part of a trilogy and is a work of philosophical/ educational fiction. Its fictional component is composed of a middle-aged Romeo-Juliet drama which ends with two deaths in Venice and a youthful adventure that takes Robert, the narrator from trauma in South Africa to a teacher training institute in England where he discovers Philosophy and befriends an alcoholic lecturer who had once studied under Wittgenstein.
The educational component is composed of a series of lectures on the philosophy of religion, psychoanalysis, aesthetics, ethics, the philosophy of natural science, human science and mathematics, philosophical psychology, political science, philosophy of education. Three different lecturers deliver a series of lectures, the educational intention of which is to introduce the reader to the world of Philosophy and the world of Education seen through the eyes of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Hobbes, Hume, Hegel, Marx, Tolstoy, Kant, Schopenhauer, Freud, William James, Wittgenstein Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau- Ponty, Arendt, Quine, Cavell, Paul Ricoeur, Brian O Shaughnessy, R. S. Peters, Peter Winch, Paul Hirst, Hudson, Adrian Stokes, T S Eliot, Julian Jaynes.
The book attempts to take the reader on a philosophical journey from curiosity to commitment and it is hoped that the trilogy will serve as a general introduction to Philosophy for all who are curious about the eternal Philosophical questions such as “What is the nature of Reality?” “Is God merely an idea in our minds?” “Is the soul a function of the body?” What is Justice?” “What is ethics?” “What is the role of Education in the life of the individual and society?”How should we characterize the feeling of the sublime?” “How shall we characterize the feeling of the beautiful?” “What properties do great works of Art possess?” What is the philosophical role of Psychoanalysis?” “How shall we philosophically characterize the role of language in our understanding of the world?” “What is the meaning of life?”

The World Explored, the World Suffered: The Exeter  Lectures

The Exeter Lectures is the first part of a trilogy and is a work of philosophical/ educational fiction. Its fictional component is composed of a middle-aged Romeo-Juliet drama which ends with two deaths in Venice and a youthful adventure that takes Robert, the narrator from trauma in South Africa to a teacher training institute in England where he discovers Philosophy and befriends an alcoholic lecturer who had once studied under Wittgenstein.
The educational component is composed of a series of lectures on the philosophy of religion, psychoanalysis, aesthetics, ethics, the philosophy of natural science, human science and mathematics, philosophical psychology, political science, philosophy of education. Three different lecturers deliver a series of lectures, the educational intention of which is to introduce the reader to the world of Philosophy and the world of Education seen through the eyes of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Hobbes, Hume, Hegel, Marx, Tolstoy, Kant, Schopenhauer, Freud, William James, Wittgenstein Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau- Ponty, Arendt, Quine, Cavell, Paul Ricoeur, Brian O Shaughnessy, R. S. Peters, Peter Winch, Paul Hirst, Hudson, Adrian Stokes, T S Eliot, Julian Jaynes.
The book attempts to take the reader on a philosophical journey from curiosity to commitment and it is hoped that the trilogy will serve as a general introduction to Philosophy for all who are curious about the eternal Philosophical questions such as “What is the nature of Reality?” “Is God merely an idea in our minds?” “Is the soul a function of the body?” What is Justice?” “What is ethics?” “What is the role of Education in the life of the individual and society?”How should we characterize the feeling of the sublime?” “How shall we characterize the feeling of the beautiful?” “What properties do great works of Art possess?” What is the philosophical role of Psychoanalysis?” “How shall we philosophically characterize the role of language in our understanding of the world?” “What is the meaning of life?” Narrated with the assistance of AI and Lara Mitchell.

Lara Mitchell

The World Explored, the World Suffered: The Exeter Lectures

The Ancient Greek category of Psuché has been mistranslated and thereby has been repressed as a categorical idea in Contemporary Philosophy. The closest correct translation of psuché would be "life-form", and Aristotle was the Philosopher par excellence who provided us with a Hylomorphic theory of life-forms, which are to be contrasted with inorganic forms of existence that belong essentially to the mineral world. Kant in his later work postulated both a metaphysics of nature and a metaphysics of morals which implied differing categorical frameworks for these different kids of study (logos) that resist reduction to just one method or theory, unless, we argue, the theory is of a hylomorphic kind. Areté, diké, arché, phronesis and eudaimonia have also been problematically translated in a way that suggests either materialist or dualistic kinds of theorising that reject the form of hylomorphic theory which contained decisive arguments against both materialism and dualism in all guises. Freud stated that his Psychology was Kantian but to the extent that it was Kant that reinstated hylomorphism, this in turn implies that Freud must be commited to some form of Hylomorphism. Our work looks at Freud's Political commitments insofar as they were a part of his Psychoanalytical Project and notes the close connection with both Plato's and Aristotle's accounts of the dangers of tyranny. Hannah Arendt's "Origins of Totalitarianism" elaborates upon some of Freud's concerns from an existentialist standpoint and she coins the term "the new men" who certainly would qualify for a Freudian diagnosis. These new men possessed the capacity of mobilising the melancholic masses for the various purposes of their various agendas. Both Freud and Arendt would also share concern over the dropping of atomic bombs on civilian populations by these "new men" although Freud was in fact both spared from experiencing this "final solution" for the Japanese problem, as he was also spared from experiencing the "final solution" to the Jewish problem. Freud's analysis of Woodrow Wilson manifests the power of psychoanalytical theory to provide knowledge(epistemé) of cultural-political phenomena. The criticism that continually haunts Freud is that his work is not "scientific" but such criticism is otiose given the fact that Freud's theories stretch over three different kinds of sciences specified by the Aristotelian categories of "theoretical", "practical", and "productive". Freud's work also stretches over the two major metaphysical divisions of nature and morality eleborated upon by Kant but there are also references to the Kantian domain of Judgement in which both aesthetic and teleological dimensions are manifestly important to Freudian theory. Conciousness on Freud's Theory is a vicissitude of the Instincts (eros and thanatos) which are the formidable forces fighting for the future of civilised man and his cultural creations. The Greek oracles prophesied that everything created by man is destined for ruin and destruction and it is possible that this was also Freud's hidden fear and one of the reasons why mans discontentment with his civilisations might end in either ruin and destruction or the Kingdom of Ends suggested by Kant that lies one hundred thousand years in the future. We claim that Wittgenstein's later work assisted in creating an arena in which both Aristotelian and Kantian Philosophy could once again become relevant cultural forces in future theorising. Aristotle in his work on Ethics claimed that all mans activities aim at the Good and he discovered a mechanism or principle of the "golden mean" which has helped to create an enlightened middle class in our modern political systems which is the main competing philosophical political vision contesting with Marxism for the title of "The Good". Freud's work is, we conclude, a significant elaboration upon both Platonic, Aristotelian and Kantian themes

AI: Lara Mitchell

The Metaphysics and Logos of Psuché and Psychoanalysis: An Aristotelian and Kantian Critique

The Ancient Greek category of Psuché has been mistranslated and thereby has been repressed as a categorical idea in Contemporary Philosophy. The closest correct translation of psuché would be "life-form", and Aristotle was the Philosopher par excellence who provided us with a Hylomorphic theory of life-forms, which are to be contrasted with inorganic forms of existence that belong essentially to the mineral world. Kant in his later work postulated both a metaphysics of nature and a metaphysics of morals which implied differing categorical frameworks for these different kinds of study (logos) that resist reduction to just one method or theory, unless, we argue, the theory is of a hylomorphic kind. Areté, diké, arché, phronesis and eudaimonia have also been problematically translated in a way that suggests either materialist or dualistic kinds of theorising that reject the form of hylomorphic theory, which contained decisive arguments against both materialism and dualism in all guises. Freud stated that his Psychology was Kantian but to the extent that it was Kant that reinstated hylomorphism, this in turn implies that Freud must be committed to some form of Hylomorphism. Our work looks at Freud's Political commitments insofar as they were a part of his Psychoanalytical Project and notes the close connection with both Plato's and Aristotle's accounts of the dangers of tyranny. Hannah Arendt's Origins of Totalitarianism elaborates upon some of Freud's concerns from an existentialist standpoint and she coins the term "the new men" who certainly would qualify for a Freudian diagnosis. These new men possessed the capacity of mobilising the melancholic masses for the various purposes of their various agendas. Both Freud and Arendt would also share concern over the dropping of atomic bombs on civilian populations by these "new men" although Freud was in fact both spared from experiencing this "final solution" for the Japanese problem, as he was also spared from experiencing the "final solution” to the Jewish problem. Freud's analysis of Woodrow Wilson Tmanifests the power of psychoanalytical theory to provide knowledge (epistemé) of cultural-political phenomena. Consciousness on Freud's Theory is a vicissitude of the Instincts (eros and thanatos) which are the formidable forces fighting for the future of civilised man and his cultural creations. The Greek oracles prophesied that everything created by man is destined for ruin and destruction and it is possible that this was also Freud's hidden fear and one of the reasons why mans discontentment with his civilisations might end in either ruin and destruction or the Kingdom of Ends suggested by Kant that lies one hundred thousand years in the future. We claim that Wittgenstein’s later work assisted in creating an arena in which both Aristotelian and Kantian Philosophy could once again become relevant cultural forces in future theorising. Aristotle in his work on Ethics claimed that all mans activities aim at the Good and he discovered a mechanism or principle of the "golden mean" which has helped to create an enlightened middle class in our modern political systems which is the main competing philosophical political vision contesting with Marxism for the title of "The Good". Freud's work is, we conclude, a significant elaboration upon both Platonic, Aristotelian and Kantian themes

The world explored, the World suffered - A série de livros

The world explored, the World suffered - A série de livros

The world explored, the World suffered livros em ordem

Ouça e leia